synchronous questions

In Node.js, error handling is crucial for building robust applications. For synchronous code, use try-catch blocks. For asynchronous code, handle errors in callbacks or use promise-based methods with `.catch()`. Middleware functions in Express can centralize error handling. Always log errors and provide meaningful messages for debugging and user feedback.

Synchronous methods block the event loop until the operation is complete, while asynchronous methods allow the program to continue running while the operation completes in the background. Example: fs.readFileSync is synchronous, while fs.readFile is asynchronous, not blocking the event loop.